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News & Updates
  • Pandemic Influenza Preparedness on Campus (University of Minnesota)
    "Coordinated and effective responses to emergencies on campus are guided by the University of Minnesota Emergency Operations Plan. This plan outlines the specific process for managing major emergencies that threaten the health and safety of the campus community and disrupt its programs and activities. The plan identifies departments and individuals that are directly responsible for emergency response and critical support services, and provides a management structure for coordinating and deploying essential resources."
  • WHO: Case Definitions
    "Prompt and accurate reporting of H5N1 influenza cases to WHO is the cornerstone for monitoring both the global evolution of this disease and the corresponding risk that a pandemic virus might emerge."

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Conferences/Summits/Workshops
  • American Public Health Association: 2nd End-to-End Preparedness for Pandemic Influenza Conference (October 29 - 31, 2007)
    "This year’s theme is "Extending the Enterprise" and the conference’s goal is to search for ways to effectively extend the preparedness enterprise to include new types of partnerships between industry and government. This theme will be explored as participants discuss the opportunities for the private sector to participate in creating a cohesive, end-to-end preparedness framework that will ensure that vaccines and therapeutics are ready and available to protect the public."
  • John E. Fogarty International Center: Multinational Influenza Seasonal Mortality Study - MISMS (August 13 - 17, 2007)
    "Meeting Objectives 1) Review epidemiology of influenza in Asia through presentations of mortality models, transmission dynamics research, genomic mutation patterns, and vaccination impact studies. 2) Demonstrate utility of secondary source data to study the epidemiology of influenza 3) Establish collaborations for bi-national and multinational studies 4) Communicate findings to policy makers 5) Analyze data during a workshop on methodologies for influenza studies, including possible expansion into discussion of primary data collection and genomics"
  • Preparing for Pandemic Influenza Conference (November 13 - 14, 2007)
    "The 2007 Preparing for Pandemic Influenza Conference will bring together an influential gathering of medical and public health leaders to stress the importance of national, state, and local preparedness to respond to a pandemic so that we can ensure the health and safety of our people in the face of this ominous threat."

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Minnesota, United States & World Resources
  • Minnesota
  • CIDRAP: Avian Influenza
    CIDRAP (Center for Infectious Disease Research & Policy, University of Minnesota). News, case counts, selected readings, guidelines and links.
  • Minnesota Department of Health: Avian H5N1 in Minnesota Birds
    "Although there have been no animal or human illnesses identified in the U.S., the avian influenza virus is spreading rapidly in birds and animals in other parts of the world. Get answers to your questions about avian influenza and your health.
  • State of Minnesota Bird Flu
    Information about H5N1 avian influenza, how it affects you, and what’s being done about it in Minnesota.
  • Pandemic Influenza Preparedness on Campus - University of Minnesota
    "Coordinated and effective responses to emergencies on campus are guided by the University of Minnesota Emergency Operations Plan. This plan outlines the specific process for managing major emergencies that threaten the health and safety of the campus community and disrupt its programs and activities. The plan identifies departments and individuals that are directly responsible for emergency response and critical support services, and provides a management structure for coordinating and deploying essential resources."
  • United States
  • CDC: Avian Influenza (Bird Flu)
    CDC webpage that provides background information about avian influenza, including recent outbreaks, the viruses, and the risk to human health.
  • Department of Health and Human Services: Pandemic Health Planning Update
    "President Bush asked Congress for $7.1 billion to fund preparations, and in December 2005 Congress appropriated $3.8 billion to help the Nation prepare. Of that, $3.3 billion was allocated to HHS. "This report outlines how that funding is being used to help achieve HHS’s five primary objectives."
  • Pandemic Counter Measures (Department of Health and Human Services)
    "SUMMARY: Declaration pursuant to section 319F–3 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 247d-6d) to provide targeted liability protections for pandemic countermeasures based on a credible risk that an avian influenza virus spreads and evolves into a strain capable of causing a pandemic of human influenza."
  • PandemicFlu.gov
    "The official U.S. government Web site for information on pandemic flu and avian influenza."
    • Planning Checklists
      Links to a variety of planning checklists including: individual, K-12, colleges and universities, business, healthcare, and community organizations.
  • Homeland Security Council: National Strategy for Pandemic Influenza Implementation Plan One Year Summary (July 2007)
    "Since the release of the National Strategy for Pandemic Influenza Implementation Plan one year ago, much has been accomplished to realize the U.S. Government’s pandemic preparedness and response goals of: (1) stopping, slowing, or otherwise limiting the spread of a pandemic to the United States; (2) limiting the domestic spread of a pandemic and mitigating disease, suffering, and death; and (3) sustaining infrastructure and mitigating impact to the economy and the functioning of society."
  • The World
  • European Influenza Surveillance Scheme
    "EISS helps reduce the burden of disease associated with influenza in Europe by collecting and exchanging timely information on influenza activity, contributing to the annual determination of the influenza vaccine content, providing relevant information about influenza to health professionals and the general public and contributing to European influenza pandemic preparedness activities."
  • FluNet: Global Influenza Programme
    "In a single electronic platform, the WHO’s Communicable Disease Global Atlas is bringing together for analysis and comparison standardized data and statistics for infectious diseases at country, regional, and global levels. The analysis and interpretation of data are further supported through information on demography, socioeconomic conditions, and environmental factors."
  • USINFO: Bird Flu (Avian Influenza)
    USINFO.STATE.GOV. USINFO delivers information about current U.S. foreign policy and about American life and culture. This site is produced and maintained by the U.S. Department of State’s Bureau of International Information Programs.

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Fact Sheets/E-Texts/Reports
  • AVIAN AND HUMAN INFLUENZA: UPDATE ON FINANCING NEEDS AND FRAMEWORK - Worldbank (11/30/06)
    "The first part of the paper looks at the global development of avian influenza throughout the past year, highlighting in particular the rapid spread and rising threat - to animals and humans - posed by the virus." "This paper also reviews the agreed financing framework that takes into account donors’ varying mandates and concerns in providing funds. "
  • MMWR - Prevention and Control of Influenza
    June 28, 2006 / 55(Early Release);1-41 This report updates the 2005 recommendations by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding the use of influenza vaccine and antiviral agents
  • National Academies Press: The Threat of Pandemic Influenza: Are We Ready? Workshop Summary (2005)
    "Most infectious disease experts believe that the world stands on the verge of an influenza pandemic (Chen et al., 2004; WHO, 2004a; Webby and Webster, 2003). Yet despite the legacy of the 1918 "Spanish flu", estimated to have killed at least 20 million people,2 and the additional deaths, social disruption, and economic losses that resulted from pandemics in 1957 and 1968, the general public appears relatively unconcerned about the next "killer flu". Considerably more attention has been focused on protecting the public from terrorist attacks than from the far more likely and pervasive threat of pandemic influenza - an event conservatively expected to cause between 2 and 8 million deaths (WHO, 2004a)."
  • NLM Technical Bulletin: "Bird Flu" Terminology and Changes to Influenza A Viruses and Related Headings
    Background The phrase "bird flu" has become prevalent in the professional literature and especially in the public print media. Major difficulties with this expression exist, largely because it is ambiguous, and because all influenza A viruses have a host in birds. The expression is not always used consistently by authors: sometimes it (correctly) describes the disease in birds, while other times it refers to a disease and potential pandemic in humans. Therefore the 2006 Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) have been refined to allow easier and more consistent indexing and search retrieval for this subject area.
  • Guidance on Preparing Workplaces for an Influenza Pandemic - OSHA - 2007
    "The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) developed this pandemic influenza planning guidance based upon traditional infection control and industrial hygiene practices. It is important to note that there is currently no pandemic; thus, this guidance is intended for planning purposes and is not specific to a particular viral strain. Additional guidance may be needed as an actual pandemic unfolds and more is known about the characteristics of the virulence of the virus, disease transmissibility, clinical manifestation, drug susceptibility, and risks to different age groups and subpopulations."
  • Pandemic Influenza: science to policy
    Royal Society - The Academy of Medical Sciences (November 2006)

    "The scientific understanding of avian and human influenza must play an important role in both short and long term planning to deal with the threat of a pandemic. The Royal Society and Academy of Medical Sciences established a joint working group (see Annex 1 for the membership) to examine the extent to which scientific evidence is being incorporated into preparedness for a pandemic, and to identify areas where policymakers might make better use of the scientific evidence in policy development and contingency planning."
  • PANDEMIC INFLUENZA PREPAREDNESS: Business continuity planning for the healthcare industry January 2007
    "This paper outlines the key areas that pandemic influenza business continuity plans should address. The IFPMA recommends that members develop detailed plans to address the issues covered in this paper, and publish a non-confidential overview on their websites to enhance confidence and demonstrate their preparedness to key stakeholders: employees, governments, suppliers, customers, health care professionals and local communities."
  • U.S. Department of Agriculture: Pandemic Planning Report
    "The Implementation Plan for the National Strategy for Pandemic Influenza assigns responsibility to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) for leading the Federal Government’s animal health efforts to combat highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza (HPAI H5N1) worldwide. The HPAI H5N1 strain of avian influenza is often fatal to birds and is of greatest current concern in affected and high-risk countries."

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Consumer Information
  • FluWiki
    "The purpose of the Flu Wiki is to help local communities prepare for and perhaps cope with a possible influenza pandemic. This is a task previously ceded to local, state and national governmental public health agencies. Our goal is to be: * a reliable source of information, as neutral as possible, about important facts useful for a public health approach to pandemic influenza * a venue for anticipating the vast range of problems that may arise if a pandemic does occur * a venue for thinking about implementable solutions to foreseeable problems"
  • H5N1 Avian Flu Forum
    A public forum for avian flu discussion at the internation, domestic, and local levels.
  • H5N1 - Killer Flu
    PBS Wide Angle series: online video (47 minutes). Episode description: The next global human flu epidemic may begin with a sick duck in Vietnam’s Mekong River Delta, now the epicenter of a deadly bird flu outbreak. The World Health Organization estimates that the H5N1 virus -- which already has jumped species from birds to humans -- could kill tens of millions of people worldwide. WIDE ANGLE travels to Vietnam to investigate the threat of a global pandemic, portraying Vietnam’s response to outbreaks in its cities, provinces and villages, where doctors, epidemiologists, and veterinarians are battling the virus. As the government tries to contain the disease and educate its people, there is growing evidence that the virus is evolving and already may have begun to spread via human-to-human contact for the first time, dramatically increasing the risk of a worldwide catastrophe. Includes related show features such as an interactive surveillence map, onine resources and filmaker notes.
  • MedlinePlus: Bird Flu
    Authoritative information from National Library of Medicine, the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and other government agencies and health-related organizations.
  • PandemicFlu.gov: Health & Safety
    "An informed and prepared public is essential to minimizing the health effects of a pandemic and the resulting consequences to society. Learn important health and safety information concerning pandemic influenza, with material targeted for specific groups such as families, travelers, workers, communities, and health professionals."
  • Ready.gov
    "Prepare.Plan.Stay Informed."
    "Ready is a national public service advertising campaign produced by The Advertising Council in partnership with Homeland Security. The Ready Campaign is designed to educate and empower Americans to prepare for and respond to emergencies, including natural disasters and potential terrorist attacks."

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Health Professionals
  • Providing Mass Medical Care with Scarce Resources:
    Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (November 2006)

    "The purpose of this guide is to provide community planners - as well as planners at the facility/community, institutional, State, and Federal levels - with valuable information and insights that will help them in their efforts to plan for and respond to a mass casualty event (MCE)."

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Blogs, Webcasts, Podcasts and Audio Interviews
  • Avian Flu: EU prevention bears fruit
    "Several measures to prevent, detect or contain the H5N1 virus in the EU have managed to stop the virus from spreading up to now. The future evolution of the situation is difficult to foresee because the H5N1 virus is still present in many countries, for example in Asia. The European Commission and the Member States constantly review the state of the disease outbreaks in the world and adapt the surveillance and the control measures accordingly. The programme visited a Hungarian farm which was the departure point for an outbreak of avian flu that spread to 28 other Hungarian farms. As a result, a million poultry fowl had to be destroyed. " (October 2006)
  • Avian Flu: The Pandemic Threat and the Global Strategy - Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
    "On January 30, 2006, Michael J. Klag, MD, MPH, dean of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, convened a day-long symposium to examine the public health aspects of a potential pandemic like H5N1 avian influenza. The event, entitled "Avian Flu: The Pandemic Threat and the Global Strategy," brought together experts on every facet of the avian flu, to educate the wider community on what we know and don’t know about this alarming disease."
  • Avian Influenza: Preparing for the Pandemic
    "Avian influenza, or bird flu, is a major concern for public health authorities and is an increasing threat to public health. Dr. David ... all » Henderson, deputy director for clinical care of the NIH Clinical Center, discusses what bird flu is, how it spreads, and where we can look for possible treatment and prevention. Presented October 18, 2005 as a National Institutes of Health (NIH) Medicine for the Public lecture, and now part of the reference library for FluLab’s online planning tools. Lecture program distributed by FluLab, founding sponsor of the International Bird Flu Summit, Washington, DC."
  • Charlie Rose - Analyzing the Avian Flu Threat - Mar 22, 2006
    " An hour-long look at the threat of Avian Flu with: Sir Paul Nurse, President, Rockefeller University, Michael Leavitt, Secretary of Health ... all » & Human Services, Dr. Julie Gerberding, Director, Centers for Disease Control, Dr. Harvey Fineberg, President, Institute of Medicine, Dr. Peter Palese, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Dr. David Nabarro, Coordinator, U.N. Response to Avian Flu, & Laurie Garrett, Author / Council on Foreign Relations."
  • Fast-Moving Avian Flu Reaches France
    "All Things Considered, February 25, 2006. The dangerous H5N1 strain of bird flu is spreading faster than experts expected. French officials confirmed the virus Saturday in domestic fowl, as well as wild birds. How worried should we be?"
  • Johns Hopkins - CME Influenza: Historical Lessons, Modern Response
    "In this year of heightened influenza worry because of avian flu, this program examines the historical significance of the disease and lessons that this history offers. The widespread nature of significant pandemics (1918) - and the possible role played by cross-species transmission - can lend insights into current plans to contain future outbreaks. Hear experts from the US and Canada - including infection control officers, officials who dealt with SARS and the former chair of the Committee on Influenza for IDSA - discuss seasonal and avian influenza, addressing both vaccinations and anti-viral strategies."
  • Keeping our Children Safe and Secure: Pandemic Flu and Emergency Preparedness (ED.gov)
    "Although it is difficult to predict when the next pandemic flu might occur or how severe it will be, one thing is certain: educators, parents and community leaders can take steps now to lessen the impact of such an outbreak. Schools can equip themselves to deal with possible school closings, staff and student absences, medical care for children, and the need to maintain the learning environment. Because schools are centers of community life, educators and administrators will need to work with state and local officials to make planning for pandemic flu a priority. And parents can ready their families by developing a family plan, storing food and water, and modeling good hygiene".
  • KQED Public Radio - San Francisco
    October 15, 2005 Forum discusses the avian flu, following President Bush’s warning last week about a possible breakout. Host: Michael Krasny Guests: Dr. Carol Cardona, poultry veterinarian and associate professor at the University of California at Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Cooperative Extension Dr. Christian Sandrock, medical director of the California Preparedness Education Network and physician at University of California at Davis Medical Center John M. Barry, author of "The Great Influenza: The Epic Story of the Deadliest Plague In History" Sabin Russell, medical writer for the San Francisco Chronicle
  • LaMontagne Lecture - Pandemic Influenza: Lessons Learned and Revisited
    Program date and time: Thursday, May 11, 2006, 2:00:00 PM Description: The LaMontagne Lecture Michael T. Osterholm, Ph.D., M.P.H. Director - Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy Professor School of Public Health University of Minnesota Author: Michael T. Osterholm, Ph.D., M.P.H., University of Minnesota Runtime 90 minutes
  • npr: Bird Flu Moves West
    Aired: Wednesday, January 11, 2006 10-11AM ET By host Tom Ashbrook: Bird flu is getting closer. Poultry is dying, in Biblical numbers we’re told, in Turkey. Fifteen human cases confirmed there. Three Turks dead in the first human outbreak outside East Asia. Europe, next door, is slamming down the hatches. No duck hunting in Cyprus. Bulgaria is disinfecting incoming cars. Western Europe is checking anti-viral drug supplies and bracing. The U.S. is also not immune. Scientists on the migratory birdways in Alaska are now saying the question is not if but when bird flu hits North America -- where President Bush has suggested martial law. But the hint of good news is that maybe bird flu is not as deadly as we thought. Hear about the spread of bird flu to Europe’s doorstep. Guests:
  • npr: Global Health: Mortalities from a Flu Pandemic Hard to Predict
    by Jon Hamilton Morning Edition, December 16, 2005. When public officials talk about bird flu, they often quote a scary statistic: Half of all the people known to be infected with the virus have died. But scientists say that figure has little bearing on what’s likely to happen in an actual pandemic. In fact, flu experts have pretty much ignored the 50-percent figure when estimating how many people might die in a bird-flu pandemic. That’s because such a high mortality rate goes against all of our experience with flu viruses, says Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
  • npr - Health Q & A: Part One: What is Bird Flu and Who's At Risk?
    by Robert Siegel and Melissa Block All Things Considered, October 20, 2005. There are many types of influenza, but the strain that currently has health officials worried is H5N1. At the moment, the disease mostly affects birds. An estimated 150 million birds have either died of the disease -- or been killed in an attempt to stop its spread.
  • npr - Health & Sciences: Part Two: Q & A Preparing for a flu pandemic
    by Robert Siegel and Melissa Block All Things Considered, October 21, 2005. In a two-part report, public health experts answer listeners’ questions about the threat of a potential flu pandemic. The H5N1 avian flu virus has led to the deaths of 150 million birds, either through infection or culling to prevent the spread of the virus.
  • npr: Health & Science for Sunday, 08 Jan 2006 -
    Stories included in this episode: 1) Avian Flu Cases on the Rise in Turkey 2) U.S. Plan to Stockpile Bird-Flu Vaccine a Big Gamble 3) Study Sheds Light on How Depression Drugs Work 4) Types of Strokes and Sharon’s Treatment 5) Seattle at Forefront of Planning for Flu Pandemic 6) Study: Salvage Logging Increases Forest-Fire Threat
  • npr: The Next Pandemic: Bird Flu, or Fear?
    "Fresh Air from WHYY, February 2, 2006. Fear and paranoia often take hold when a disease threatens to become an epidemic. Dr. Marc K. Siegel is the author of the new book Bird Flu: Everything You Need to Know About the Next Pandemic."
  • npr: "Study: Human-to-Human Bird Flu Transmission Rare"
    "A new study finds that the much-feared avian flu is rarely -- if ever -- transmitted from human to human. But some experts don’t think the question is if there will be a human-to-human avian flu epidemic, but when. Alex Chadwick talks with Dr. Paul Offit, chief of infectious diseases at Children’s Hospital in Philadelphia, about the chances the virus will mutate into a form deadly to humans."
  • Regional Pandemic Flu Conference - University of Washington
    "The Regional Pandemic Flu Conference addresses issues that would face the Northwest if there were a pandemic flu outbreak. Topics include community coordination, infection control in the health-care setting, an update on antiviral drugs, health-care facilities preparation, patient care issues, and palliative care."
  • University of Washington: Regional Pandemic Flu Conference:
    Program Series includes videos on the following: Infection Control in Healthcare Settings for Viral Respiratory Pathogens, Pandemic Preparedness for Health Care Facilities, Panel Discussion: Local Pandemic Flu Planning, Patient Care During a Catastrophic Event & The Role of Palliative Care, Regional Disaster Planning Efforts & The Biology of Pandemic Influenza
  • Underreported Avian Flu
    Posted to The Leonard Lopate Show on July 14, 2005 Avian flu may now be regarded mainly as a threat for birds. But some scientists believe it could become a human pandemic. In todays Underreported feature, Dr. Michael T. Osterholm, director of the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy (CIDRAP), and Peter Aldhous, Chief News & Features Editor Nature Magazine, shed some light on the disease.
  • WGBH: Avian Flu amd Tomorrow's Pandemics
    10/18/05 Bob Meyers, president, National Press Foundation Nanda Chitre, RX for Survival, WGBH Michael Osterholm, associate director, NCFPD Rex Archer, president, NACC Health Officials Olusoji Adeyi, coordinator, public health, World Bank To open discussions of increasing health risks in a globalized world, Dr Michael Osterholm, director of the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis and associate director of the Department of Homeland Security’s National Center for Food Protection and Defense, provides an overview of the avian flu. Dr Rex Archer, president of the National Association of County and City Health Officials discusses American preparations for avian flu and other pandemics, while Dr Olusoji Adeyi, coordinator of Public Health Programs at The World Bank, provides an international perspective on preparation and the need to improve health in developing countries in order to reduce risk of pandemics. This lecture is part one in a three part series of discussions from the National Press Foundation’s "Increasing Health Risks in Our Globalized World: A Conference for Journalists."
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